E-China yasendulo, kwakukhona indoda okuthiwa uCai Lun.Wazalelwa emndenini ovamile ompofu futhi wayelima nabazali bakhe kusukela ebuntwaneni.Ngaleso sikhathi, umbusi wayethanda ukusebenzisa indwangu ye-brocade ukuze abhalele.UCai Lun waba nomuzwa wokuthi izindleko ziphezulu kakhulu futhi abantu abavamile babengakwazi ukuzisebenzisa, ngakho wayezimisele ukunqoba ubunzima futhi athole impahla ethengekayo ukuze ayithathele indawo.
Ngenxa yesikhundla sakhe, uCai Lun unemibandela yokubheka nokuxhumana nezinqubo zokukhiqiza abantu.Noma nini lapho enesikhathi esikhululekile, wayebonga izivakashi ngaphandle kweminyango evaliwe futhi aziyele mathupha eshabhu ukuze enze uphenyo lwezobuchwepheshe.Ngolunye usuku, wakhangwa itshe lokugaya: gaya izinhlamvu zikakolweni zibe ufulawa, bese ekwazi ukwenza kokubili amabhanisi amakhulu namapanikuku amancane.
Ephefumulelwe, wagaya amagxolo, amanikiniki, amanetha amadala okudoba, nokunye esigayweni samatshe, futhi wazama ukulenza libe ikhekhe, kodwa wehluleka.Kamuva, yashintshwa yaba ishaya ngamandla odakeni lwamatshe, iphikelela ngokushaya njalo, futhi ekugcineni yaba yimpuphu.Ngemva kokucwiliswa emanzini, ngokushesha kwakheka ifilimu phezu kwamanzi.Ngempela kwakubukeka sengathi ikhekhe elincanyana.Wayicwecwa ngobumnene, wayibeka odongeni ukuze yome, bese uzama ukubhala kuyo.Uyinki woma ngokuphazima kweso.Leli yiphepha elasungulwa nguCai Lun eminyakeni engaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezimbili edlule.
Ukusungulwa kwe-papermaking akugcini nje ukunciphisa kakhulu izindleko zokukhiqiza imikhiqizo, kodwa futhi kwakha izimo zokukhiqiza ngobuningi.Ikakhulukazi, ukusetshenziswa kwamagxolo njengempahla eluhlaza kuye kwadala isibonelo sephepha lesimanje le-wood pulp futhi kwavula indlela ebanzi yokuthuthukiswa kwemboni yephepha.
Kamuva, ukwenziwa kwamaphepha kwaqala kwethulwa eNyakatho Korea naseVietnam, ezakhelene neChina, kwase kuba seJapan.Kancane kancane, amazwe aseNingizimu-mpumalanga Asia afunda ubuchwepheshe bokwenza iphepha ngokulandelana.I-pulp ikhishwa kakhulu emicu ku-hemp, rattan, bamboo kanye notshani.
Kamuva, ngosizo lwamaShayina, u-Baekje wafunda ukwenza iphepha, futhi ubuchwepheshe bokwenza amaphepha basakazekela eDamaseku eSiriya, eCairo eGibhithe naseMorocco.Ekusabalaleni kokwenziwa kwamaphepha, igalelo lama-Arabhu alinakushaywa indiva.
AbaseYurophu bafunda ngobuchwepheshe bokwenza amaphepha ngama-Arabhu.Ama-Arabhu asungula imboni yokuqala yephepha eYurophu eSadiva, eSpain;kwase kwakhiwa ifekthri yokuqala yephepha e-Italy e-Monte Falco;Kwasungulwa imboni yephepha eduze kwaseRoy;IJalimane, i-United Kingdom, iSweden, iDenmark namanye amazwe amakhulu nawo anezimboni zawo zephepha.
Ngemva kokuba abaseSpain befudukele eMexico, baqala ukusungula imboni yephepha ezwenikazi laseMelika;base bethulwa e-United States, futhi ifektri yokuqala yephepha yasungulwa eduze kwasePhiladelphia.Ekuqaleni kwekhulu leminyaka elidlule, ukwenziwa kwamaphepha kwamaShayina kwase kusakazeke kuwo wonke amazwekazi amahlanu.
Ukwenza iphepha kungenye "yezinto ezine ezinhle kakhuluns" yesayensi nobuchwepheshe basendulo baseShayina (ikhampasi, ukwenza iphepha, ukunyathelisa, nesibhamu) kanye nokuhwebelana kuye kwayithinta ngokujulile inkambo yomlando wezwe.
Indawo yokuhlala kaCai Lun yangaphambili itholakala eCaizhou, enyakatho-ntshonalanga yeLeiyang, eHunan, eChina.Kukhona i-Cai Lun Memorial Hall entshonalanga yezwekazi, futhi i-Cai Zichi iseduze nayo.Siyakwamukela ukuvakashela eChina.
Niyabo, ngemva kokuyifunda, niyaqonda ukuthi iphepha livelaphi, akunjalo?
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-14-2022